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Outdoor Air Quality #1 Air pollution & how plants help Urban street canyons Air pollution is considered to be a major contributory factor for cardiovascular disease as well as exacerbating asthma. Outdoor pollution causes 35,000 – 50,000 premature deaths in UK pa and more than 1 million across the world. (Environmental Audit Committee Fifth report: Air Quality 2010). There have been a number of studies on the effect of living walls on air pollution. One of the most recent and important studies is entitled “Effectiveness of Green Infrastructure for Improvement of Air Quality in Urban Street Canyons” published in 2012. Estimates claim that a reduction of 1μg/m3 in the annual average population-weighted concentration of fine particulates would result in a saving of approximately 4 million life-years over the next 106 years. The definition of a canyon is when the height of the buildings in a road exceeds the distance between them – a common issue in most cities – and why this study is so important. Plants help as part of the solution because… During photosynthesis, plants absorb CO2 and other gases like oxides of sulphur & nitrogen (SO2 & NOx), ozone (O) and airborne ammonia (NH3) through their stomata. Plants also reduce air pollution by intercepting suspended particulate matters (SPM) and aerosols and retaining them on the leaf surface. Effectiveness of Green Infrastructure for Improvement of Air Quality in Urban Street Canyons – Pugh, MacKenzie, Whyatt and Hewitt, Environmental Science & Technology, 2012 “Previous studies which have shown only modest improvements in air quality from the introduction of green infrastructure failed to take into full account the interplay between urban form and vegetation”. The study shows “Increasing deposition by the planting of vegetation in Street Canyons can reduce street-level concentrations by as much as 40% for NOx and 60% for PM (Particulate Matter)” Living

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Living Walls Easiwall-Pro - 2

Living walls as air pollution busters The Living Wall at Edgware Road in London was one of two walls commissioned by Transport for London (TfL) with funding secured from the Mayoral Clean Air Fund. It was installed in 2011. The primary driver for the wall was to improve air quality. Part of the TfL funding for the Edgware Road wall went towards an evaluation of the effectiveness of the wall and in particular an evaluation of the different species and their relative effectiveness. The study was carried out by Imperial College on behalf of the APRIL group (Air Pollution Reduction in London)...

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Living Walls Easiwall-Pro - 3

“Biophilia is the instinctive bond between human beings and other living systems particularly those whose very existence supports our very existence” Edward O. Wilson, a Harvard Professor, introduced and popularized the hypothesis in his book, Biophilia (1984). He further defines biophilia as “the urge to affiliate with other forms of life”. And this means PLANTS! Living walls provide large numbers of easily visible plants held within a dynamic system = maximum benefit of biophilia for little or no loss of floor space. Further studies with particular respect to plants have found that: The...

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