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Forbo Flooring Systems
EPD MARMOLEUM TILE 2.0 AND 2.5MM

EPD MARMOLEUM TILE 2.0 AND 2.5MM

Product catalog summary

Introduction
Marmoleum is a linoleum flooring brand by Forbo, known for its low environmental impact due to natural materials and high recycled content. Forbo provides Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) for Marmoleum tiles, available in 2.0 and 2.5 mm thickness.

Product Specifications
Marmoleum tiles are made from natural materials like linseed oil and recycled wood waste, making them biodegradable. They comply with EN-ISO 24011 standards and are available in various designs and colors.

Technical Specifications

Compliance with ASTM F 2195 and EN-ISO 24011 standards.
Fire resistance: Class 1 (ASTM E 648/NFPA 253), Class C (ASTM E 84/NFPA 255).
Slip resistance: DS: ≥ 0.30 (EN 13893).
Body voltage: < 2 kV (EN 1815).
Thermal conductivity: 0.17 W/mK (EN 12524).

Production Process
The production involves oxidizing linseed oil to form linoleum cement, mixed with wood flour and pigments, calendared on a substrate, and cured. Waste materials are reused, adhering to ISO 14001 standards.

Environmental and Health Aspects
Forbo uses an ISO 14001 Environmental Management System. Production waste is reused, and packaging is recycled. Installation waste can be recycled or incinerated for energy recovery.

Use and Maintenance
The reference service lifetime is one year. Recommended cleaning includes vacuuming twice a week and damp mopping once a week. Protective measures are advised to prevent damage.

End of Life
Marmoleum tiles can be incinerated for energy recovery due to their high calorific value.

Life Cycle Assessment
A full LCA covers production, transport, installation, use, and end-of-life stages, with a functional unit of one square meter of installed product for one year.

Overview
The document provides a detailed LCA of Marmoleum tiles, focusing on energy usage, environmental impacts, and resource consumption across various lifecycle stages.

Specifications
The assessment includes raw materials, water, electricity, fuels, packaging, and production waste, using the GaBi 5 Software System for modeling.

Allocation Procedures
No co-product allocation occurs. Multi-input processes are allocated based on mass flows or calorific values.

System Boundaries
The assessment includes all materials, energy, and waste processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal.

Energy Usage
Primary energy usage is detailed for renewable and non-renewable resources, with production being the main contributor to non-renewable energy usage.

Environmental Impacts
The document presents impacts in terms of Global Warming Potential, Ozone Layer Depletion, Acidification, Eutrophication, and Abiotic Depletion, with production being the largest contributor.

Waste and Resource Consumption
Tables provide data on waste categories and non-renewable resource consumption for both tile thicknesses.

Interpretation
The production stage significantly impacts all categories, with transport contributing 4%-13% to certain impacts.

Nomenclature and Abbreviations
Abbreviations like ADP, GWP, and EPD are essential for understanding the environmental impact assessments.

General Information
The document is an LCA report for Marmoleum tiles, following ISO 14025 and EN 15804 standards, verified on 12/10/12.

Scope of the Study
The LCA covers Marmoleum tiles in two thicknesses, including various lifecycle stages, with a declared unit of 1m² of installed flooring.

Product Definition
Marmoleum is a natural, biodegradable floor covering made from materials like linseed oil, complying with EN-ISO 24011 standards.

Range of Application
Marmoleum tiles are suitable for domestic, commercial, and industrial use, meeting several technical standards.

Delivery and Installation
Global distribution involves specific transport distances. Installation waste can be recycled or incinerated.

Use Stage
Impacts are based on cleaning and maintenance, with protective measures advised.

Health and Safety
Marmoleum tiles comply with health standards, emphasizing protective measures during installation and use.

Life Cycle Stages

Production Stage: Involves raw material acquisition and manufacturing.
Transport Gate to User: Covers product transportation to the user.
Installation Stage: Includes installation losses and adhesive use.
Use Stage: Considers cleaning regime and energy use over one year.
End of Life Stage: Focuses on waste processing, with incineration preferred.

Functional Unit
Defined as one square meter of installed product, with a one-year use stage.

Data and Methodology
The LCA uses specific data from production processes and the GaBi 5 Software System for modeling.

Environmental Impact
Detailed tables of environmental impacts for Marmoleum tiles, including global warming potential and ozone layer depletion.

Key Findings

Incineration is profitable as a waste-to-energy conversion.
Environmental impacts are quantified for each lifecycle stage.

Conclusion
The LCA provides a detailed environmental profile of Marmoleum tiles, highlighting the benefits of incineration and lifecycle impacts.

Ozone Depletion and Its Effects
Ozone depletion is caused by halogenated hydrocarbons, leading to increased UV radiation and affecting health and ecosystems.

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)
POCP involves hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides interaction, leading to ozone formation.

Life Cycle Assessment Standards
References standards like ISO 14025 and EN 15804 for assessing environmental impacts.

References and Standards
Cites various standards and guidelines for LCA and resilient floor coverings.

Regulations
Refers to EU Regulation No 305/2011 for marketing construction products.

Catalog excerpts

Environmental Product DECLARATiON Marmoleum Tile 2.0 and 2.5MM FORBO FLOORING SYSTEMS RESILIENT LINOLEUM FLOOR COVERING Color t2874 "Coffee" - t2j6j "Rust" -12707 "Barley" ffedbo FLOORING SYSTEMS Marmoleum the most globally used brand of linoleum has been manufactured by Forbo for more than 150 years. Marmoleum is produced having low environmental impacts as a result of the combination of natural renewable materials and high recycle content. Forbo was the first flooring manufacturer to publish a complete Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) report verified by CML in 2000.In addition Forbo is now to publish Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) for all products including full LCA reports. This EPD is using all recognized flooring Product Category Rules and is including additional information to show the impacts on human health and eco-toxicity. By offering the complete story we hope that our stakeholders will be able to use this document as a tool that will translate the environmental performance of Marmoleum into the true value and benefits to all our customers and stakeholders alike. For more information visit: www.forbo-flooring.com

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This declaration is an environmental product declaration in accordance with ISO 14025 and EN15804 that describes the environmental characteristics of the aforementioned product. It promotes the development of sustainable products. This is a certified declaration and all relevant environmental information is disclosed. This EPD may not be comparable to other declarations if they do not comply with ISO 14025, EN 15804 and the reference PCR.

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Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering Product Definition Product Classification and description This declaration covers a broad range of designs and colors. Marmoleum is a resilient floor covering complying with all the requirements of EN-ISO 24011: Specification for plain and decorative linoleum. Marmoleum is made from natural raw materials making it preferable ecological floor covering with a beautiful and colorful design. The key raw materials include linseed oil, which comes from the flax plant seeds, gum rosin from pine trees, recycled wood waste of wood from controlled...

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Environmental Product Declaration FLOORING SYSTEMS Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering According to ISO 14025 & EN 15804 Product Standard The products considered in this EPD have the following technical specifications: o Meets or exceeds all technical requirements in ASTM F 2195 Standard Specification for Linoleum Floor Tile. o Meets or exceeds all technical requirements in EN-ISO 24011 Specification for plain and decorative Linoleum. Marmoleum meets the requirements of EN 14041 EN 13501-1 Reaction to fire Cfl - s1 Fire Testing: o Class 1 when tested in accordance...

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Environmental Product Declaration (fodbo FLOORING SYSTEMS Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering According to ISO 14025 & EN 15804 Delivery Status Table 1: Specification of delivered product Production of Main Materials Linseed oil : Linseed oil is obtained by pressing the seeds of the flax plant. After filtering a clear golden yellow liquid remains. Gum rosin : Rosin is obtained by wounding pine trees. The crude gum is collected and is separated into turpentine and rosin by distillation. Tall oil : Tall oil is a post industrial waste product coming from the paper...

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Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering Production of the Floor Covering Figure 2: Illustration of the Production process Marmoleum tile is produced in several stages starting with the oxidation of linseed oil mixed with tall oil and rosin. With the influence of oxygen from the atmosphere a tough sticky material is obtained called linoleum cement. The linoleum cement is stored in containers for a few days for further reaction and after this it is mixed with wood flour, calcium carbonate, reused waste (if applicable), titanium dioxide and pigments. This mixture is calendared...

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Environmental Product Declaration FLOORING SYSTEMS Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering According to ISO 14025 & EN 15804 Rejected material and the cuttings of the trimming stage are being reused in the manufacturing process. Packaging materials are being collected separately and externally recycled. Delivery and Installation of the Floor Covering A worldwide distribution by truck and container ship is considered. On average every square meter of Marmoleum is transported as follows: o T ransport distance 40 t truck 694 km o Transport distance 7.5t truck...

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Environmental Product Declaration Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering According to ISO 14025 & EN 15804 can be determined. The use phase impacts should be calculated with the foreseen service life to arrive at the total environmental impact. For the calculations the following cleaning regime is considered: 2 - Dry cleaning with a 1.5 kW vacuum cleaner for 0.21 min/m , twice a week. This equates to 0.55 kWh/m2*year. - Once a week wet cleaning with 0.062 l/m2 water and 0.0008 kg/m2 detergent. This result in the use of 3.224 l/m2*year water and 0.04 kg/m2*year detergent....

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Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering Life Cycle Assessment A full Life Cycle Assessment has bee carried out according to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The following Life Cycle Stages are assessed : o Production Stage (Raw material acquisition, transportation to Manufacturing and Manufacturing) o Transport Gate to User o Installation Stage o Use Stage o End of Life Stage Production Raw Material Extraction and Processing Installation loss Coating, Calendaring, Transport Drying, Energies with regional reference End-of Life Cleaning regime Figure 3: Flow chart of the Life Cycle...

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Marmoleum tile 2.0 and 2.5 mm Resilient Linoleum Floor Covering Allocation of multi-input processes The Production and End of Life stage include incineration plants. In these processes different products are treated together within a process. The allocation procedures followed in these cases are based on a physical classification of the mass flows or calorific values. Credits from energy substitution are allocated to the production stage, because the gained energy from energy substitution is lower than the energy input in this stage. The same quality of energy is considered. Allocation procedure...

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